Herb Pharm prepares its Goldenseal extract from the rhizome & rootlets of Hydrastis canadensis plants which are Certified Organically Grown without the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides or herbicides. To assure optimal extraction of Goldenseal's bioactive compounds, the rhizome & rootlets are hand-dug in the autumn, are carefully cleaned & shade-dried, and are then thoroughly extracted. Herb Pharm Goldenseal is never fumigated or irradiated.